OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS & METHODS OF THEIR EVALUATION
Methods of Preparation of Paraffinic Oils for Processing
doi:10.24412/0233-5727-2025-2-3-7
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1Vlasova G.V., 1Mukhamadeev R.U., 1Usenkov F.V.
1Astrakhan State Technical University
Abstract. The results of experimental studies on the removal of water and chloride salts from paraffinic oil using physical methods of action are presented.
Key words: chloride salts, water-oil emulsions, magnetic treatment, ultrasound, paraffinic oil, desalination and dehydration.
Study of the Possibility of Using Methanol in the Production of Automobile Gasolines
doi:10.24412/0233-5727-2025-2-10-13
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1Gladyshev V.A.
1Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University), Moscow
Abstract. To assess the possibility of using methanol as an oxygenate for gasoline, it is necessary to conduct a study of the low-temperature properties of gasoline–methanol mixtures. The tests are aimed at identifying the optimal stabilizer and its concentration in the mixture to achieve the required values of the turbidity temperature of the mixture. It was determined that isobutanol at a concentration of 3% has the best stabilizing properties. In this amount, it allows the turbidity temperature of gasoline to be kept below −40°C.
Key words: Gasoline, oxygenates, methanol, stabilizer, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol
PROCESSES & EQUIPMENT
Development and Current State of Production of Granular Catalysts for Oil Feedstock Catcracking Units with a Moving Bed
doi:10.24412/0233-5727-2025-2-14-20
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1Melnikov A.S., 1Rakhmatullin E.M., 2Kutepov B.I., 1Gafarov R.Z.
1Ishimbayskie katalizatory LLC;
2Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Abstract.The article presents the history of development and analyzes the current state of production of granular catalysts for vacuum gas oil catalytic cracking units with a moving bed. A comparative characteristic of domestic and foreign catalysts present on the Russian market is given.
Key words: granular catalyst, cracking in a moving catalyst bed, catalytic cracking
CHEMMOTOLOGOS
Investigation of the Possibility of Assessing Micelle Formation in Fuel and Oil Mixtures by Light Scattering
doi:10.24412/0233-5727-2025-2-21-24
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1Seleznev M.V., 1Kriushin S.A., 1Evseev A.A., 1Tolkunova S.O., 1Sereda V.A., 1Oschenko A.P.
1Federal Autonomous Enterprise «The 25-th State Research Institute of Chemmotology, Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation»
Abstract. The use of scanning electron microscopy for research in the field of mycelium formation in fuel and oil mixtures has a number of disadvantages, including the high time duration and cost of testing. To solve this problem, the authors proposed using the light scattering method. It is noted that the use of the light scattering method makes it possible to approximate the micelle formation process in fuel and oil mixtures by the number and size of particles, provided that a uniform lamellar structure is formed in the volume. However, to identify the structure, shape, and size of micelles, more accurate methods such as scanning electron microscopy are required.
Key words: anti-impact properties, unmanned aerial vehicles, two-stroke gasoline engines, light scattering method, carbonation mechanism, micelles, engine oils, fuel and oil mixture, operation of aviation equipment..
Comparative Study of Water Resistance of Sulfonate, Phenolate and Salicylate Greases under Dynamic Operating Conditions of Rolling Bearings
doi:10.24412/0233-5727-2025-2-25-29
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1,3Telliano Alphonse, 1Peskovets A.V., 2Kolybelskiy D.S., 1Menouer K., 1,4Fahim A., 3Bah A., 3Diallo R.B., 3Kourouma M., 3Bah A.O., 3Barry O., 1Bagdasarov L.N.
1Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University), Moscow;
2NK Rosneft – Moscow Plant «Nefteproduct»;
3Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Republic of Guinea;
4Kabul Polytechnic University, Afghanistan
Abstract. The results of the assessment of the water resistance of new domestic plastic lubricants under laboratory conditions in a specially designed bearing unit are considered; the unit enables high bearing rotational speeds, external heating, and the controlled introduction of a measured amount of water over the bearings.
Keywords: plastic lubricants, rolling bearings, water resistance of plastic lubricants.
Operational Characteristics of Rubber Antistatic Fuel Hoses
doi:10.24412/0233-5727-2025-2-30-32
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1Rybakov Yu.N., 1Rushkin N.S., 1Kharlamova O.D., 1Kyunnap R.I., 1Kolotilin D.V.
1Federal Autonomous Institution «The 25-th State Research Institute of Chemmotology, Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation», Moscow
Abstract. The article presents the results of tests of rubber antistatic fuel-filling hoses. The physical and mechanical characteristics, resistance to the effects of TS-1 aviation fuel, its mixture with the anti-water crystallization liquid and BR-1 gasoline-solvent were studied. The analysis of changes in mass, bond strength between layers, hardness and frost resistance allowed us to identify the main operational features of these hoses. A comparative analysis with existing analogues was carried out. It was found that the hoses have high strength and resistance to fuel environments, but their frost resistance decreases after contact with fuel. Recommendations for the use and feasibility of additional full-scale tests are given.
Key words: operational properties of fuel-filling hoses, aviation fuel, physical and mechanical characteristics of rubber hoses.
ECOLOGY & INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
Features of Safe Storage of Chemical Reagents in a Warehouse
doi:10.24412/0233-5727-2025-2-33-38
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1Nizamova G.I., 1Fazlyeva A.A.
1Ufa State Petroleum Technological University
Abstract. The article discusses the features of storing chemical reagents in a warehouse. Dangerous and harmful production factors and their impact on warehouse workers have been studied. The necessary personal protective equipment for a warehouse employee is described. The main causes of accidents are the low quality of instruction and non-compliance with occupational safety requirements. The study revealed that the most common injuries for warehouse employees include irritation of the mucous membranes and poisoning with harmful substances. The necessary microclimatic conditions that must be created for the storage of chemical reagents are indicated. The features of addressable storage, the main principles of separate storage of chemical reagents are considered. The materials from which the container is made and the rules for its use are described. The principles of storing flammable and explosive substances are analyzed, taking into account their danger and their ability to self-ignite. The methods of laying and arranging secondary containers are specified separately. The requirements for the design and materials to be used in the construction of the warehouse, the requirements for the location of the plumbing, the principles of the arrangement of shelves and sections are described. An algorithm has been developed for the actions of a warehouse employee when filling or spilling a chemical reagent. The algorithm takes into account the type of substance: toxic, flammable or explosive, as well as its effect on the human body, which can lead to poisoning and respiratory arrest. The algorithm also shows the actions of the employee during the neutralization of the reagent and in the event of a fire and explosion. The warehouse should have containers for storing lime, soda and sand, sawdust or sorbent material, which are used to neutralize chemical reagents, taking into account the type of substance. To remove residues, the surface is wiped with a cloth, treated with soapy water, and the room is ventilated. The main measures in case of fire and the need for evacuation are indicated. The principles of first aid in case of burns and contact with explosive substances on the skin have been studied. The methods of providing first aid in case of ingestion of acids and alkalis into the skin, eyes and respiratory tract are described. The symptoms of poisoning and allergic reactions when exposed to chemical reagents are considered. Based on the analysis, important theses are put forward that are necessary to ensure safety in the warehouse during storage of chemical reagents.
Key words: chemical reagent warehouse, storage of chemicals, neutralization of chemicals, first aid, personal protective equipment, toxic effect, accident, algorithm of actions.